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Metric for the Observation of Decision-Making (MODe)
This tool was designed to assess collaborative processes taking place within multidisciplinary team (MDT) case conferences, as members discuss the diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients. Team members include surgeons, oncologists, radiologists, pathologists, and clinical nurse specialists. Specifically, the MODe measures how thoroughly patient information is presented; how effectively the chair runs the meeting; and the extent to which the various specialists contribute productively to...
Observational Teamwork Assessment for Surgery (OTAS)
This observational tool was designed to assess the non-technical skills of surgical teams in real time in the operating theatre. It was based on the patient safety literature which found that lack of interpersonal skills (e.g., communication, teamwork, leadership) and cognitive skills (e.g., decision making, situational awareness, mental readiness) contributed to adverse patient complications and errors. Trained raters use the one-page form to observe and score three subteams separately (...
Surveys on Patient Safety Culture
The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) has developed a suite of provider surveys addressing questions related to quality care and patient safety. Five different version of the survey exist, and they are customized for five different clinical settings: ambulatory surgery center, community pharmacy, hospital, medical office, and nursing home. The AHRQ provides planning resources and maintains a national database with comparative data for participating organizations. The purpose...
The University of Auckland Behavioural Rating Scale (UA-BRS)
This tool was designed to assess teamwork behaviors exhibited by critical care teams during simulated emergencies. Specifically, leadership and team coordination, mutual performance monitoring, and verbalising situational information are rated in 23 items. The tool can be completed by team members (group self-assessment) and/or by observers. The 2011 validation study was conducted on 160 individuals in 40 critical care teams engaged in 4 scenarios each. Results helped establish the factor...
Healthcare Team Vitality Instrument (HTVI)
The HTVI was designed to provide healthcare staff with a way to measure team "vitality" in hospital settings. Specifically, the self-report tool measures the individual’s perceptions of environmental support structures, engagement and empowerment, patient care transitions, and team communication. It was designed to be administered to a wide variety of licensed and unlicensed staff. The reference listed below describes a study which sought to refine and shorten the original 20-item...
Survey of Organizational Attributes for Primary Care (SOAPC)
The SOAPC was designed to measure the perspectives of clinicians, nurses, and staff on the internal resources of small family medicine practices. Specifically, the tool measures communication, decision making, stress/chaos, and history of change in a 21-item self-report instrument. The results are meant to provide a practical resource for benchmarking practices and guiding interventions. A validation study of 640 staff from 51 family practices demonstrated a four factor structure and good...
Collaboration and Satisfaction About Care Decisions (CSACD)
The CSACD was originally designed to measure nurse-physician collaboration in intensive care units (ICUs) as they make specific decisions regarding patient transfers. The tool contains a six-item measure of collaboration as well as a global collaboration item, a decision process satisfaction item, and a final decision satisfaction item. The results, which are at the level of a specific patient decision, are meant to support linking nurse-physician collaboration to ICU patient outcomes. The 1994...
A Validity Study of the Safety Attitudes Survey
This large, national study examines the validity of the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ) in predicting risk-adjusted morbidity and mortality outcomes for hospital patients on general/vascular services. The SAQ (Sexton JB, et al., 2006) is a well-known, psychometrically sound survey that has been used internationally for many years. It contains 30 items grouped into six scales measuring (1) teamwork climate, (2) safety climate, (3) working conditions, (4) job satisfaction, (5) recognition...
Safety Organizing Scale (SOS)
The tool was designed to capture self-reported team behaviors that underlie a safety culture within hospital-based nursing units. Specifically, this 9-item tool measures individual nurses' perceptions of how their nursing unit works in terms of: (1) preoccupation with failure, (2) reluctance to simplify interpretations, (3) sensitivity to operations, (4) commitment to resilience, and (5) deference to expertise. Results, aggregated to the unit level, can be used to potentially improve...
Patient's Insights and Views Observing Teams Questionnaire (PIVOT)
The PIVOT is a 16-item, self-report survey that asks patients to evaluate team behaviors (e.g., interactions, communications, coordination), as experienced in a recent visit to an emergency department. Items were developed through a line of research that included exploratory interviews with patients and caregivers to identify areas for item development, a web-based survey of health care providers and patient advocates to structure the survey, and cognitive interviewing with patients and...