Maintenance of health care teams: Internal and external dimensions
The complex issues which health care teams face have contributed to the demise of a number of teams and to the disenchantment of many individuals, who voice a litany of complaints, including fatigue, frustration, interpersonal conflict, energy drain, burnout, and rapid turnover associated with teams. If health care teams are to avoid such pitfalls and gain acceptance, they will have to learn to attend to their own maintenance needs, both internal and external.
Interprofessional conflict and medical errors: Results of a national multi-specialty survey of hospital residents in the US
Clear communication is considered the sine qua non of effective teamwork. Breakdowns in communication resulting from interprofessional conflict are believed to potentiate errors in the care of patients, although there is little supportive empirical evidence. In 1999, we surveyed a national, multi-specialty sample of 6,106 residents (64.2% response rate). Three questions inquired about "serious conflict" with another staff member.
Who's caring for whom? Differing perspectives between seriously ill patients and their family caregivers
Although clinicians and researchers often rely on family members 'reports of a wide range of dying patients' symptoms and care preferences, available data indicate divergences between the two. We used a national sample to analyze patient-caregiver pairs to explore areas of concordance and nonconcordance about physical symptoms, communication with physicians, caregiving needs, and future fears. We also assessed whether identifiable patient or caregiver characteristics were associated with nonconcordance.
A National Survey of Residents’ Self-Reported Work Hours: Thinking Beyond Specialty
PURPOSE: To secure data from residents regarding residency work hours and correlates.
METHOD: A national, random sample of postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) and year 2 (PGY2) residents in the 1998-1999 training year was identified using the American Medical Association's Graduate Medical Education database. Residents completed a five-page survey with 44 questions and 144 separate data elements relating to their residency experience.
What terminally ill patients care about: Toward a validated construct of patients' perspectives
BACKGROUND: Citizens have conveyed to professionals that care at the end of life is less than optimal. Efforts to improve matters have tended to work in piecemeal fashion, on tangible more than personal aspects of care, and without the benefit of documented perspectives of those who face dying. Policy initiatives and clinical interventions need guidance from a broad framework that is validated by patients' perspectives.
Selected Characteristics of Graduate Medical Education in the United States
For the second year, the Department of Data Systems in the Medical Education Group of the American Medical Association gathered information on graduate medical education primarily by means of an electronic data collection system. Eighty-eight percent of 6622 programs surveyed responded, with 83% reporting detailed information on residents. Analysis of graduate medical education data shows that the number of residents increased by 34.9% from the academic years 1980-1981 to 1990-1991, while the number of graduate year 1 residents decreased by 2%.
Graduate medical education in the United States
The annual surveys of residency programs on which this report is based have had a higher than 90% response rate for the 5 years previous to 1989. Because of a change to the new electronic data collection system in 1989, the response rate decreased to 78.3%. To adjust for the lower response rate, a regression model computed from data from previous years was developed that permitted projected estimates for 1989 data. These numbers are included in several key tables. The number of GY-1 positions seems to have decreased for 1990, although this may be an artifact of the response rate.
Assessing rural community resources for health care: The use of health services catchment area economic marketing studies
A relatively simple method for estimating the ability of rural communities to support health provider personnel services, the utilization of this tool is described and illustrated.
Knowledge and Attitude Change in Physician Assistant Students After an Interprofessional Geriatric Care Experience: A Mixed Methods Study
This is a mixed methods study to examine learning outcomes on Physician Assistant students of a longitudinal geriartics IPE curriculum for 5 health professions.
Medical Teamwork and Patient Safety: The Evidence-based Relation
The science of team performance and training can help the medical community improve patient safety. This report, commissioned by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), assesses the status of relevant team training research from aviation and other domains and applies this research to the field of medicine. It additionally provides a comprehensive review and evaluation of current medical team training initiatives and their effectiveness.
